How does high-voltage generator work?

High voltage generators are used in:

a) scientific research laboratories;

b) trials to test the high voltage equipment for use (insulation,

Cables, transformers, switches, …)

Note: For security reasons, consider the voltages used, of course,

Voltage of the system under test.

c) the many applications that require high voltage (X-ray generator Crown

Ozone, electrostatic separation, laser …).

There are three types of conventional voltage:

• AC voltage

• DC Voltage

• Protection against overvoltage

I) AC generator

I.1) transformer

The transformer is the high inspiron 1300 battery voltage source for the most common and most used in practice. This low-power processors (from a few hundred to a few VA kVA), whose main objective is to provide a high-voltage electricity, the cost to the general order of milliamps to offer. These transformers are designed primarily for laboratory analysis must have excellent insulation, as they are called, provided by the many tribes that occur during the test socket.

The shape of the HT HT is released from a transformer, generally different from the sinusoidal shape, without exceeding the allowable tolerances. These transformers usually have a terminal processor with processor resolution terre.De many are related to the environment.

For voltages above 750 kV, costs, transportation and space is very annoying, preference should be cascaded with the use, to the processors.

I.2) resonant circuit

In tests of high voltage, sometimes there is an explosion of the system under test, created by the emergence of a strong electrical impulse through the resonance. The Battery For Dell Inspiron 1420 resonance phenomenon is used to connect a high voltage, variable impedance control circuit in series with the transformer is used to increase the voltage and very large (up to 600 kV) to produce to adapt.

Control by an alternative source of BT operate, adjust the tension by adjusting the value

Reactive.Les oscillator circuit impedance are mainly test equipment, high capacity, such as HV.

Note: A higher voltage is used in different resonance

Series.

This type of generator is particularly advantageous if the capacity of the object to be measured is high, such as HR. The particular advantage that the output voltage is almost sinusoidal and the resulting reactive power compensation (series resonance).

II) the DC voltage generator

The high voltage is used in many applications, including:

• Networks HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current)

• Basic search: It is easier to process and analyze the phenomena at a constant voltage with a constant voltage variable.

• Many applications require a DC voltage (X-ray radiology, electrostatic separation, electrostatic filters …).

• In applications where testing facilities for testing the capacitive load are numerous, for economic reasons to avoid that.

II.1) AC-DC

a) rectifier:

with:

C: capacity of the rectifier + smoothing capabilities of the object+ Test of parasitic capacitance.

R: resistance of the tested object leaks +Capacitor.

High voltage diode:

It is the same as the series connection of n diodes conventional. N is the number of diodes in the blocking voltage is supported by all to be fixed. For example, a voltage of 100 kV will be corrected, is in the 1000 F-100 series of diodes, each diode voltage of 100 kV high.

b) full-wave rectifier:

Unlike simple change of the rectifier

The negative part is restored.

There was no significant difference between the parameters

Rectifier alternating single and double rooms in this

with a smoothing capacitor

voltage doubler c):

There are different types of voltage doubler, but the principle is the same;

The most common is one of both legs.

For the duration of the negative charge of the capacitor C1, voltage Vmax, the network launched, in addition to the voltage of the transformer, a voltage across C 2 is equal to Vmax. The open circuit voltage obtained from the output 2Vmax

Note: To enjoy it, twice, as the base leg of the rectifier

Cascade.

d) Cascade Rectifier:

The waterfall, waterfall known as the Greinacher or

Cockcroft-Walton, consists of a battery

Duplicators type leg.

2nVmax. N: number of floors. Each diode must withstand a reverse voltage of 2 V max. =As each floor was empty supplies a voltage of 2 V max, the voltage source (vacuum), U c

Note: The optimal number of floors is usually not more than 10 because of the tension becomes too great. This type of generator produces a voltage of 5 MV, but the magnitude of current consumption is 10 mA, which is still low.

II.2) resistance

The first step is to load the switch S1 is close to parallel

It capacitors. Then you open the switch S1 and S2 is closed, the voltage

Capacitors C are connected in series and provide a voltage of C

output = c 0 U Nu. n: number of capacitors C

Note: This generator, which charges once the capacitor can be used instead

on the specific issue (which depends on the energy stored in the capacitor and

Drainage constant), because when the capacitors to discharge falls, the voltage to zero.

II.3) electrostatic (Van de Graff)

Other in the laboratory of nuclear physics research.

Principle of operation:

A set of electrode tip, or a very thin sheet (ring electrode), supported by a strip of seal. It comes with a variable rate, at the top of the generator (ball) in which they are collected by the collector presented. The cost of a few, are the “leak” to the collector of Corona neutralized by the hands on the inner wall of the high voltage electrodes. Arrival at the bottom of this negative Battery Dell Inspiron 1525 charge neutralized by corona electrode.

The spherical electrode will be responsible for saving sphèreterre significant power. Graff generator is not used, because the capacity is low (in the order of PA), but the output voltage up to 100 MT.

III) of the shock voltage

Definition: The voltage pulse (or pulse) is a high voltage one direction, for a short period of time in the order of the SP with a current or voltage is growing rapidly in a peak and then decreases to zero.

Generators of shock necessary to:

• Simulation of strengthening the lines of how the wave of lightning, for example, to study and

Research.

• Conduct tests of test equipment for high voltage during the test pulses, such as protective devices to operate surtensions.Remarque: the effects of lightning on a network provides a voltage variation of the line that the distribution uneven winding transformers potentially creates and ensures that the insulation deterioration.

III.1) phase of shock generator

The DC voltage V charges the capacitor C1 to the collapse of the spark gap to produce E;

a sudden stress (shock) is the purpose of the capacity C2 applied.

C1: reaction time (energy)

C2: Ability of the object to be measured;

C1 = (10 … 20) C2

A1: The strength of the wave front (the series);

R2: rear axle of resistance (in parallel);

In general, the capacitor C1 through a transformer with a diode D HT The damping resistor R prevents an associated tax is calculated too fast. The time constant throughout the charging process τ = R C1 is about 10 to 20 s.

If the breakdown voltage of the spark gap and U0 is reached, sudden discharges C1 to C2

the first resistor R1. Tail resistor R2 wave is much larger

R1, capacitor C1 and C2 is slower in the resistor R2 year. The resistors R1 and R2 are used to the time constants or to identify and control to the Gulf. This forum requires time soon charging the Battery Dell Inspiron 2500 capacitor C2, and a long tail time is slower download is the choice of a resistor R2 to very large compared to R1.

APPLIED R1 and C2 in series. Charging the capacitor C2 is even faster than the product is designed petit.La R1C2 and construction of equipment used in high voltage